1 Uncia

The attribution "uncertain city of Central Italy" reflects a genuine scholarly impasse — these cast bronze pieces circulated in a region where multiple Oscan, Samnite, and Latin communities operated overlapping monetary systems during the third century BC, and die or mold analysis has not yet resolved the issuing authority. Haeberlin's foundational work on aes grave remains the primary reference framework, though his attributions have been revised repeatedly since 1910.

Cast rather than struck, production involved pouring molten bronze into clay or stone molds — a process that makes each piece technically unique at the surface level.