1 Turnose - Theodoric III

Heinsberg was a small lordship in the Lower Rhine region, and its mid-14th century coinage reflects the proliferation of petty territorial minting that followed the monetary chaos of the preceding decades. The turnose — a regional adaptation of the French gros tournois — spread across the Low Countries and Rhineland after Philip IV's issues became the dominant trade coin of northern Europe. Local lords adopted the type partly for commercial credibility and partly to assert a minting right that was perpetually contested by larger neighbors.

Theodoric III ruled Heinsberg through a period when the lordship was deeply entangled in the factional conflicts of the Guelders succession. The Menadier 24c attribution distinguishes this variety within a tight series of closely related dies.