1 Thaler - Philip

Philip I of Hesse — "Philip the Magnanimous" — was by 1552 a broken man politically. His 1547 capture at the Battle of Mühlberg had left him a Habsburg prisoner for five years, released only after humiliating capitulation terms. This thaler was struck the very year of his release, when he returned to Kassel stripped of much of his former authority within the Schmalkaldic network he had helped build.

The Dav GT I#9271 attribution places this squarely in the broader German thaler sequence established during the consolidation of imperial coinage standards following the 1551 Reichsmünzordnung revision.