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1 Thaler - Maria Theresia Madura star countermark
| Issuer | Sumenep, Sultanate of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1811-1854 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Draped bust of Empress Maria Theresia facing right, with elaborately curled hair adorned with a diadem and ornamental shoulder epaulettes rendered in fine detail. A small Madura star countermark, applied by the Sultanate of Sumenep, is struck into the field to the right of the bust, between the effigy and the surrounding legend. The peripheral legend reads M·THERESIA·D·G· R // IMP·GE·HU·BO·REG·, separated by stops, running along the inner edge of the milled border. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
The Maria Theresa Thaler — struck to a frozen 1780 date regardless of actual minting year — circulated as a dominant trade coin across the Indian Ocean world, and the Sultanate of Sumenep on the island of Madura applied its own countermark to validate and claim fiscal authority over coins entering local circulation. The Madura star punch effectively re-monetized an already-trusted coin under local terms, a practice common among smaller polities operating beneath Dutch colonial oversight in the archipelago.
The countermarked type carries KM#199.2 specifically for the star variant. Unmarked MTT specimens are abundant; the Sumenep punch is what makes this piece regionally specific.