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1 Thaler - Christoph Bernhard of Galen
| Issuer | Bishopric of Münster |
|---|---|
| Year | 1652-1654 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Hammered |
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| Obverse description | Full-length standing figure of Saint Paul the Apostle, patron saint of Münster, depicted facing slightly to the right within an inner circle. The saint is nimbed with a halo, holding a long sword upright in his left hand and a book (the Epistles) in his right hand, robed in flowing drapery. The date is inscribed in two parts flanking the figure in the field. The circular Latin legend reads S.PAVLVS.APOSTOL. PATRON.MONAST., distributed around the periphery. A small bird appears at the base of the design. The coin exhibits the bold, slightly rough characteristics typical of mid-17th-century hammered German ecclesiastical coinage. |
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| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
Christoph Bernhard von Galen — "Bömben-Bernd" to his enemies — was among the most militaristic prince-bishops of the seventeenth century, spending much of his reign trying to reconquer the city of Münster, which had effectively expelled episcopal authority during the Thirty Years' War. These thalers date to the opening years of his episcopate, just after the Peace of Westphalia forced him to accept terms he spent the next two decades trying to reverse. He eventually allied with England, France, and Sweden against the Dutch Republic in the 1665–67 war, besieging Groningen with artillery — hence the nickname.