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1 Testone - Innocent XI SVB TVVM PRAESIDIVM
| Issuer | Papal States |
|---|---|
| Year | 1677 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
Innocent XI — Benedetto Odescalchi — was elected in 1676 after a conclave so deadlocked it took nearly two months to resolve, and his papacy proved as contentious as his election. He clashed repeatedly with Louis XIV over Gallicanism and the régale controversy, the French crown's insistence on controlling episcopal appointments and revenues. That conflict was already sharpening by 1677, the year this testone was struck.
The inscription SVB TVVM PRAESIDIVM — "Under your protection" — references one of the oldest surviving Marian antiphons, traceable to a Greek papyrus fragment dated to roughly the third century.