1 Testone - Gregory XIV

Historical Context: This 1 Testone coin was issued during the exceptionally brief pontificate of Pope Gregory XIV (Niccolò Sfondrati), reigning only ten months from December 1590 to October 1591. His papacy was marked by a strong anti-French Huguenot stance, aligning the Holy See with Spain during the tumultuous French Wars of Religion. Macerata, a significant city within the Papal States, operated its own mint under papal authority, producing coinage essential for local commerce and reflecting the reigning pontiff's authority.

Artistry: While specific engraver details for this Macerata issue are often unrecorded, the coin exemplifies late Renaissance and early Mannerist artistic trends prevalent in papal mints. The obverse typically features a dignified bust of Pope Gregory XIV, often facing right, rendered with realism. The reverse for Berman#1424 from Macerata commonly depicts Saint Julian, the city's patron saint, in a devotional or symbolic pose, often with an inscription like 'S IVLIANVS MACERAT'. This design integrates local religious veneration with papal authority.

Technical/Grading: Struck in silver at 8.86 grams, the Testone's high-points for wear assessment include the Pope's nose, cheekbone, and tiara details on the obverse. On the reverse, attention should be paid to Saint Julian's facial features and drapery folds. Strike quality for Macerata mints of this era can vary, often exhibiting some softness, particularly on outer legends or finer details. Planchet quality is generally good, though minor flan imperfections or slight off-centering are not uncommon.