1 Tanga - João IV Goa mint to Ceilão

João IV's accession in 1640 ended sixty years of Portuguese submission to the Spanish crown under the Iberian Union — a period during which Goa's mints had struck coinage nominally for Philip III and IV of Spain. This tanga belongs to the earliest phase of re-establishing a distinctly Portuguese monetary identity in the Estado da India, struck just five years after the Restoration. The Ceilão designation indicates intended circulation in Ceylon, where Portuguese control was already collapsing under sustained Dutch VOC military pressure; Colombo would fall in 1656.