1 Stiver - Albert and Isabella

Historical Context: This 1 Stiver, issued by Roermond in 1605, falls within the joint reign of Archdukes Albert and Isabella (1598-1621), governors of the Spanish Netherlands. Roermond, in the Upper Quarter of Guelders, held significant minting privileges. Its issuance reflects efforts to stabilize the economy and consolidate authority in territories recovering from the Eighty Years' War, preceding the Twelve Years' Truce (1609-1621). This common billon denomination served daily commerce in a region striving for renewed prosperity under Habsburg rule.

Artistry: The design adheres to the functional aesthetic typical for low-denomination civic issues of the early 17th century Low Countries. Specific engravers for Roermond's minor coinage are unrecorded; the stylistic school prioritizes legibility and clear identification of the issuing authority. Designs typically feature the crowned monogram of Albert and Isabella (A&I) or their combined armorial bearings, often juxtaposed with the city's arms. Artistic execution is robust, emphasizing clear legends and central devices suitable for rapid production and widespread circulation.

Technical/Grading: For this billon (.250 silver) 1 Stiver, premium examples exhibit a strong, well-centered strike, rare for the era. Key grading points include clarity of the date (1605) and full legends, particularly the city designation. Definition of the crowned monogram or armorial devices on both sides, including small crown or shield details, is crucial. High-grade specimens show minimal wear on raised elements and are free from common billon flaws like planchet laminations, cracks, or significant flan irregularities.