1 Shahi - Abbas I Safavi type E, Mazandaran mint

Abbas I died in January 1629, making this piece a terminal issue — struck in the final year of a reign that had fundamentally restructured Persian monetary administration. Abbas centralized mint control as part of broader fiscal reforms tied to his standing army, the ghulam corps, which required reliable, standardized silver payment. Mazandaran, on the Caspian littoral, was one of the provincial mints brought under tighter crown supervision during his reign rather than farmed out to local governors.

The "type E" classification within this series reflects die progression work by album researchers distinguishing calligraphic variants across provincial issues.