1 Sesino - Filippo I

Filippo I — Philip, Duke of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla — came into possession of these territories in 1748 under the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, which ended the War of the Austrian Succession and carved out a new Italian duchy for a Bourbon prince. The sesino was the smallest copper unit in local circulation, and Piacenza's mint operated under French administrative influence throughout Philip's reign, a pressure felt in the duchy's broader fiscal and monetary reorganization after decades of Austrian control.