1 Schwaren - Nicholas Frederick Peter

Historical Context: This 1 Schwaren coin was issued during the early reign of Grand Duke Nicholas Frederick Peter of Oldenburg (reigned 1853-1900). Oldenburg, a Grand Duchy within the German Confederation, maintained its sovereignty amidst the turbulent mid-19th century, a period marked by burgeoning nationalism and the eventual drive towards German unification. The Schwaren, a traditional fractional denomination, reflects the regional currency system prevalent before the standardization brought by the German Empire. This coin serves as a tangible link to Oldenburg's independent monetary policy and its dynastic rule, preceding the formation of the German Empire.

Artistry: While the specific engraver for this low-denomination copper issue is typically unrecorded, the design adheres to the prevailing utilitarian aesthetic of mid-19th century German coinage. The obverse likely features a dignified, realistic bust of Grand Duke Nicholas Frederick Peter, characteristic of the era's monarchical portraiture, often rendered with classical simplicity. The reverse would clearly display the denomination '1 Schwaren' and the date, possibly encircled by a wreath or with a ducal crown, emphasizing clarity and functionality over elaborate ornamentation, typical of the period's circulating copper issues.

Technical/Grading: Struck in copper, the 1 Schwaren typically exhibits strike characteristics common to mass-produced fractional coinage of the period. Key high-points for grading include the highest relief areas of the Grand Duke's hair and facial features on the obverse, and any fine details within the ducal crown or wreath on the reverse. Due to the soft nature of copper and often hurried production, examples may show weakness in central details, planchet flaws, or inconsistent rim strikes. Well-preserved specimens with strong central strikes and minimal wear are highly sought after by collectors.