1 Schilling - Francis I

The Bishopric of Minden, a prince-bishopric on the Weser, operated with considerable monetary autonomy during this period despite ongoing pressure from the Hanseatic League to conform to regional coinage standards. Francis I of Minden — Franz von Kerssenbrock, bishop from 1508 to 1532 — presided over a diocese already financially strained by the costs of maintaining secular administration alongside ecclesiastical obligations. The date range on this issue likely reflects a protracted striking period rather than a single emission, not unusual for smaller ecclesiastical mints working against inconsistent bullion supply.