Clemens August of Bavaria — simultaneously Prince-Bishop of Münster, Paderborn, Osnabrück, Hildesheim, and Minden, plus Grand Master of the Teutonic Order — was among the most politically overextended ecclesiastical princes in eighteenth-century Germany. His territories issued coins under multiple episcopal authorities concurrently, which makes accurate attribution essential; Schulze's cataloguing remains the practical standard for separating Münster issues from his other mints.
Clemens August died in 1761, and the accumulated debts of his court at Brühl were notorious enough to outlast him by decades.
Clemens August of Bavaria — simultaneously Prince-Bishop of Münster, Paderborn, Osnabrück, Hildesheim, and Minden, plus Grand Master of the Teutonic Order — was among the most politically overextended ecclesiastical princes in eighteenth-century Germany. His territories issued coins under multiple episcopal authorities concurrently, which makes accurate attribution essential; Schulze's cataloguing remains the practical standard for separating Münster issues from his other mints.
Clemens August died in 1761, and the accumulated debts of his court at Brühl were notorious enough to outlast him by decades.