1 Rupee - Sher Shah Suri Agra mint

Sher Shah Suri's silver rupee was not merely a coin — it was the founding instrument of a monetary system that the Mughals would inherit and run for the next three centuries. After defeating Humayun at Chausa in 1539 and seizing the Delhi Sultanate, Sher Shah overhauled a debased and chaotic coinage, standardizing the rupee at a fixed silver weight that became the subcontinent's dominant unit of account. The Agra mint was among his most productive, sitting at the administrative heart of his reformed empire.

His entire reign lasted just five years before a gunpowder explosion at the siege of Kalinjar killed him in 1545.