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1 Rupee - Shah Jahan Gulkanda mint

Issuer Mughal Empire
Year 1037-1068
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse description Hammered silver flan bearing the Kalima in bold Arabic script across the central field, divided horizontally by a raised linear border into two registers. The upper register carries the first part of the Islamic declaration of faith, while the lower register contains the second part. The calligraphy is executed in a robust Naskh style characteristic of Mughal imperial coinage, with decorative pellets interspersed throughout the field. The coin edge is irregular, as typical of hammered rupees of this period.
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Obverse lettering لا إله إلا الله محمد رسول الله
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Additional information

Golconda — the mint name used on these rupees — was not a Mughal city by right but by conquest, absorbed into the empire only after Aurangzeb's siege of 1687. Coins struck there during Shah Jahan's reign, however, predate that annexation; Golconda was then a tributary sultanate operating under Mughal suzerainty, and the appearance of a Mughal rupee from that mint reflects the complex fiscal arrangements Shah Jahan imposed on nominally independent regional powers. The date range spanning 1037–1068 AH covers virtually his entire reign, including the years of his imprisonment by Aurangzeb from 1658 onward.