1 Rupee - Shah Alam II Chandor

Shah Alam II was a Mughal emperor in name only for much of his reign — blinded by the Afghan warlord Ghulam Qadir in 1788, pensioned and effectively imprisoned at various points, and under Maratha protection from 1771 until Cornwallis defeated them in 1803. The Marathas exploited the fiction of Mughal legitimacy deliberately, striking rupees in his name across their mints to lend constitutional authority to their own treasury operations. Chandor, a mint in the Deccan, was one of several absorbed into this arrangement.

The forty-eight year bracket on this type reflects administrative continuity rather than consistent output — actual annual volumes varied sharply with Maratha military fortunes.