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1 Rupee - Munassar 15mm CM on KM#99
| Issuer | Qu'aiti Sultanate |
|---|---|
| Year | 1890 |
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| Composition | Silver |
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| Obverse description | The obverse displays a circular countermark applied over the host coin's legend, bearing a multi-line Persian inscription in Naskh script within a round incuse punch approximately 15mm in diameter. The countermark reads the regnal formula of Munsir Al-Dawla bin Abdullah Al-Qu'aiti with the Hijri date 1307, superimposed upon the underlying Mughal rupee legend which reads 'Sikka Zad Bar Haft Kishwur Sayaye Fazl Shah Alam Badshah Elah Hami Din Mohammad,' crediting the Emperor Shah Alam as protector of the Muhammadan faith. The field shows the worn silver surface of the host coin beneath the applied stamp. The countermark edge is well-defined against the host coin's inscribed field. |
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| Mintage | 1307 (1890) - ١٣٠٧ |
| Additional information |
The Qu'aiti Sultans of Hadhramaut, operating out of Mukalla and Shibam in what is now Yemen, routinely counterstamped Indian Rupees to assert fiscal control over trade flowing through their coastal territories. The "Munassar" counterstamp — a name associated with the Qu'aiti ruling line — was applied to existing British Indian coinage rather than commissioning original strikes, a practical solution for a sultanate whose commercial reach exceeded its minting infrastructure. KM#99 is the Queen Victoria rupee, making this host coin a standard issue of the Calcutta or Bombay mint punched into service under an entirely different authority.