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1 Rupee - Islam Shah Suri Agra mint

Issuer Sur Empire
Year 1545-1553
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Diameter 28 mm
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Obverse script Arabic/Devanagari
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Reverse description The Kalima Tayyiba is inscribed in bold Arabic Naskh calligraphy within a central square cartouche, divided across two lines: the first line bearing the shahada declaration of the oneness of God, and the second proclaiming Muhammad as the Messenger of God. The legend fills the square frame in a commanding, large script characteristic of Sur dynasty coinage. Additional marginal inscriptions, likely including the mint name and further epithets, encircle the square in the outer border. The overall design reflects the orthodox Sunni identity projected by the Sur rulers through their coinage.
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Islam Shah, who seized the Sur sultanate after his father Sher Shah's death in 1545, spent much of his reign purging rivals — including his own brothers — and consolidating the administrative machinery his father had built. The Agra mint was among the most productive in the empire, strategically positioned along the Yamuna trade corridor. Islam Shah died in 1553, and the succession crisis that followed within the Sur dynasty ultimately left the door open for Humayun's Mughal restoration two years later.

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