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1 Rupee - Ahmad Shah Bahadur Kalpi mint
| Issuer | Maratha Empire |
|---|---|
| Year | 1162-1167 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Hammered silver flan bearing bold Nasta'liq script legends arranged in three horizontal registers across the field, divided by raised linear borders. The central band displays the name and royal titles of the Mughal emperor Ahmad Shah Bahadur in large, flowing Arabic calligraphy. The upper and lower registers contain additional regnal and acclamatory inscriptions, with the overall design following the standard Mughal rupee format adopted by the Marathas for coins struck in the emperor's name. |
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
Ahmad Shah Bahadur, the Mughal emperor nominally honored on this coin, was in practice a prisoner of the Marathas from 1752 onward — the rupee bearing his name was issued under Maratha authority, with the emperor's name retained purely to maintain the legal fiction of Mughal sovereignty and keep the coinage commercially acceptable across northern markets. The Kalpi mint, situated on the Yamuna in present-day Uttar Pradesh, had passed between Mughal, Bundela, and Maratha control repeatedly before the Marathas consolidated their grip on it mid-century.
The regnal years 1162–1167 AH correspond to the period of most intense Maratha expansion into the Gangetic plain, ending abruptly with the catastrophe at Panipat in January 1761.