1 Real - Philip III Hammered; OMNIVM

Philip III inherited the Spanish throne in 1598 and almost immediately confronted a currency crisis his father had left festering. The peninsular reales of this period were struck under the old hammered process at mints scrambling to keep pace with American silver inflows, producing coins of notoriously irregular shape and strike registration. The OMNIVM type belongs to the opening years of his reign, before the monetary reforms that would follow.

Cal#479 is not a common attribution — Calicó's cataloguing of this transitional issue separates it from the later, more standardized Philip III coinage by the specific legend arrangement.