1 Real - Ferdinandus V and Elisabet I

The 1497 Medina del Campo ordinance — issued jointly by Ferdinand and Isabella following the conquest of Granada and Columbus's first return from the Americas — established Spain's first unified coinage system, replacing a chaotic patchwork of regional issues that had made commerce across the crowns of Castile and Aragon genuinely difficult. The Real became the backbone of that system. The date range here extends well past Isabella's death in 1504 and Ferdinand's in 1516, meaning later pieces were struck under Charles I using the effigies and titles of his grandparents as a deliberate continuity measure.