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1 Real - Carlos IV Numeral IV - Carlos III portrait
| Issuer | Lima Mint (Casa de Moneda de Lima) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1789-1791 |
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| Orientation | Coin alignment ↑↓ |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Crowned Spanish royal arms at centre, featuring the quartered shield with castles of Castile and lions of León, with a central escutcheon, all surmounted by a royal crown. Flanking the shield on either side are the Pillars of Hercules, each bearing a crowned globe, representing the Strait of Gibraltar and the New World. The mintmark 'L' for Lima and the assayer initials 'IJ' appear in the field. The circular legend HISPAN • ET IND • REX • L • IJ runs around the periphery within a toothed rim. |
| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
Struck during the administrative handover between two reigns, this transitional type retains the portrait of Carlos III despite being issued under Carlos IV — a practical response to the lag between a monarch's death in December 1788 and the arrival of updated dies at a distant colonial mint. Lima was among the last American mints to convert to the new portrait type, meaning pieces with this combination circulated well into 1791 alongside fully updated coinage. The numeral IV paired with his father's effigy was not an error but deliberate policy while the new punches made the Atlantic crossing.