1 Pound - Victoria Union Bank of Australia Limited

The Union Bank of Australia Limited was incorporated by Royal Charter in London in 1837 and operated as a British colonial bank throughout its existence — its notes were obligations of a London-registered company, not an Australian institution in the modern sense. The Victoria branch designation reflects the specific charter territory, as each Australian colony required separate authorization for note issue.

Perkins, Bacon & Petch had long supplied engraved security printing to British colonial banks, using steel-intaglio techniques developed originally for American banknote work in the early nineteenth century. By 1903, the firm was already in its final decades before eventually being absorbed into other security printing operations.

The Union Bank merged with the Bank of Australasia in 1951 to form ANZ, making this a note from an institution that had already survived nearly seven decades by the time it closed.