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1 Piastra - Clemente X Jubilee - CLAVSIS FORIBVS VENIER ET DABIT PACEM - Bust
| Issuer | Papal States |
|---|---|
| Year | 1675 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | 31.98 g |
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| Obverse description | Right-facing draped bust of Pope Clement X wearing the camauro and embroidered papal vestments, rendered in high relief with fine portrait detail characteristic of the Hamerani workshop. The papal mozzetta is elaborately decorated with floral and cross motifs. The encircling Latin legend reads CLEMENS·X·PONT·MAX·AN·IVB, denoting his pontifical title and Jubilee year. The engraver's signature IOH·HTZR·LUCENTI appears in the lower field beneath the bust truncation. The coin is bordered by a beaded inner rim. |
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| Reverse description | Centrally depicted is the walled Holy Door (Porta Santa) of St. Peter's Basilica shown in elaborate architectural perspective, its surface rendered with brick courses and ornamental detail within a classical columned portico surmounted by a broken pediment with a lunette. Two standing allegorical or saintly figures flank the portal, one on each side of the classical frame. The papal arms of Clement X appear in the lower exergue, flanked by the Roman date MDCLXXV. The surrounding Latin legend CLAVSIS FORIBVS VENIER ET DABIT PACEM references the closing of the Holy Door and the granting of peace, a direct allusion to the Holy Year of 1675. The entire design is enclosed within a beaded border. |
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| Additional information |
Clement X was 79 years old and nearly blind when this jubilee piastre was struck — the oldest man elected pope in recorded history, managed day-to-day by his secretary Cardinal Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri, whose grip on Vatican affairs was so complete that contemporaries questioned who actually governed. The 1675 Holy Year drew an estimated 1.5 million pilgrims to Rome despite plague having ravaged parts of northern Italy the preceding decade.
The Latin legend references the closing of the Holy Door, the ritual act that formally concludes a jubilee year. Berman 2003 places this among the more carefully executed piastres of the period, the .917 fineness held consistently across the jubilee issues.