1 Pfennig - Wolfgang William

Wolfgang William converted to Catholicism in 1613 — a calculated move to secure his claim to the Jülich-Cleves inheritance — and his coinage reflects a ruler perpetually short of revenue and embroiled in dynastic disputes with Brandenburg. The tiny copper pfennig issues of his Palatinate-Neuburg reign fall within the chaos of the Thirty Years' War, when reliable small denomination coinage was chronically scarce and frequently debased across the German states.

At 0.55 grams, these were among the lightest pfennig strikes of the period, and survivors in any collectible condition are genuinely uncommon.