1 Pfennig - Theodoric of Horne

Theodoric of Horne served as Bishop of Osnabrück from 1376 to 1402, a tenure marked by persistent conflict with the city's burghers over jurisdictional and financial authority — a struggle typical of German episcopal towns where secular ambitions repeatedly collided with ecclesiastical prerogative. Small silver pfennigs of this type functioned as the workhorse denomination of local exchange, circulating alongside the heavier coinage of neighboring Westphalian powers. Kennepohl's corpus remains the standard reference for Osnabrück episcopal coinage, and type 143 represents one of the more frequently documented issues of Theodoric's long episcopate.