1 Pfennig - Nürnberg Rud. Chillingworth A.G.

Rud. Chillingworth A.G. was a Nuremberg iron and steel foundry that issued notgeld pfennig pieces during the acute small-change shortages of World War I, when the German Imperial government's coin metal requisitions stripped copper and nickel from circulation almost entirely. Zinc — a controlled industrial metal in its own right — was the compromise. Private industrial firms issuing their own subsidiary coinage was not unusual by 1916–1917; it was a practical necessity endorsed by municipal and regional authorities who could not keep pace with demand.