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| 表面の説明 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
|---|---|
| 表面の文字体系 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
| 表面の銘文 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
| 裏面の説明 | Two crossed keys in saltire, their bows upward and interlocked, surmounted by a plain Greek cross at the point of intersection. The keys are the heraldic emblem of the Archbishopric of Riga, rendered in a broad, schematic style consistent with hammered small coinage of the period. The design fills the field without a surrounding inscription. |
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| 裏面の銘文 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
| 縁 | Plain |
| 鋳造所 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
| 鋳造数 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
| 追加情報 |
Hermann von Brüggeneye served as Master of the Livonian Order from 1535 until his death in 1549, a period of mounting pressure from both Lutheran reformers restructuring the Baltic ecclesiastical order and an increasingly aggressive Muscovy under Ivan IV. These small billon pfennigs were struck at Riga, then the commercial heart of Livonian territory, and functioned as the lowest practical denomination in a monetary system already straining under political fragmentation. The Livonian Order's coinage authority was perpetually contested — the Archbishop of Riga maintained his own mint, and jurisdictional conflicts between the two powers over Riga itself had simmered for decades before Brüggeneye's tenure.