1 Pfennig - Ferdinand III St Veit

Ferdinand III inherited a Habsburg mint network badly disrupted by the Thirty Years' War, and the St. Veit facility in Carinthia was among the smaller provincial operations struggling to maintain consistent output through the 1640s. Billon coinage of this denomination — effectively debased silver — was the workhorse of everyday exchange in territories where larger denominations were hoarded or melted the moment bullion prices shifted.

The Herinek references split across two pairs of numbers, reflecting documented die variations between emission periods rather than a single continuous issue.