1 Pfennig - Charles Albert

Charles Albert ruled Bavaria during a period of chronic fiscal strain, and his small billon issues reflect the electorate's ongoing struggle to maintain a viable copper-silver coinage when metal supplies were inconsistent. The Wittelsbach court was simultaneously funding ambitious architectural projects in Munich and positioning Charles Albert for the imperial title he would briefly hold as Charles VII from 1742 — expenditures that put sustained pressure on the mint at every level of denomination.

The fifteen-year striking span recorded for this type suggests periodic reissue rather than continuous production.