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1 Pfennig - Bernhard von Spanheim
| Issuer | Duchy of Carinthia |
|---|---|
| Year | 1202-1256 |
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| Shape | Round (irregular) |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse description | A heraldic eagle or panther displayed within a beaded inner circle, rendered in the bold, stylized idiom of 13th-century Carinthian coinage. Two prominent curved beaded arcs divide the field, flanking a central fleur-de-lis or cross motif rising from the lower register. Diamond or lozenge-shaped ornaments are visible in the upper field, characteristic of the Spanheim dynastic iconography. The peripheral legend CARINTHIA identifies the issuing duchy, though letter visibility varies due to the irregular flan edges. The overall design reflects the regional minting conventions of the Duchy of Carinthia under Bernhard von Spanheim. |
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| Additional information |
Bernhard von Spanheim ruled Carinthia for over five decades, an unusually long tenure that allowed his mint to produce coins with remarkable consistency relative to other fragmented German territorial coinages of the period. The Spanheim dynasty had held Carinthia since 1122, and Bernhard — the last of the line to rule the duchy — spent much of his reign navigating the competing pressures of the Babenbergs to the north and the patriarchate of Aquileia to the south. His coinage reflects a mint operating under stable, if politically contested, conditions.
On Bernhard's death in 1256, the duchy passed through inheritance disputes before eventually falling to the Habsburgs in 1335.