1 Pfennig - Andreas Pepler

The Bishopric of Dorpat — centered on the city now known as Tartu in modern Estonia — was one of the ecclesiastical states of the Livonian Confederation, that loose alliance of bishops and the Teutonic Order that governed the eastern Baltic throughout the medieval period. Andreas Pepler held the see from 1468 to 1474, a tenure marked by the chronic political friction between the bishops of Dorpat and the city's increasingly assertive merchant class. Small billon issues like this pfennig were the working currency of that friction — changing hands in market tolls, minor dues, and daily trade along the Hanseatic routes connecting Dorpat to Riga and Reval.