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| 表面の説明 | The arms of Magdeburg — a crowned eagle displayed — occupy the central field of this small hammered copper pfennig. The design is rendered in a crude, bold relief characteristic of emergency coinage struck during the Kipper und Wipper period. The date 1621 appears within or adjacent to the armorial device. The flan is irregular and slightly ragged at the edges, consistent with hand-cut planchet production of the era. |
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| 表面の銘文 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
| 裏面の説明 | The reverse of this hammered copper pfennig is essentially uniface or bears only a plain, undifferentiated field with no legible device or legend, as is typical of the smallest denomination emergency coinage issued by Magdeburg during the Kipper und Wipper inflation crisis of the early 1620s. Surface shows characteristic copper patination with areas of green oxidation. |
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| 鋳造所 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
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| 追加情報 |
Magdeburg in 1621 was a city under extreme pressure — the Thirty Years' War had been grinding through German territories for three years, and the breakdown of normal imperial monetary supply forced dozens of municipal authorities to strike emergency copper coinage. Magdeburg's situation was particularly acute: the city would endure a catastrophic siege culminating in its near-total destruction and massacre in May 1631, killing an estimated 20,000 residents. These municipal issues were struck precisely because trust in larger denominational coinage had collapsed during the Kipper- und Wipperzeit, the inflationary currency crisis of 1619–1623.