1 Peso Banco de Santander

Perkins, Bacon & Petch — operating under several successive partnership names across the nineteenth century — held a near-monopoly on security printing for Latin American regional banks during this period, which makes the attribution straightforward but the note itself no less interesting. The Banco de Santander was one of Colombia's provincial banks of issue, authorized under the 1871 banking law that briefly allowed departmental banks to circulate their own paper alongside the national currency.

That window closed decisively in 1886 when the newly centralized Colombian state began dismantling the provincial emission system. Notes from this bank surviving in any condition are comparatively scarce — the institution's circulation geography was limited to Santander department, and redemption or destruction likely claimed the bulk of issued stock.