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1 Peso ABC Peso
| Issuer | Republic of Cuba |
|---|---|
| Year | 1934-1939 |
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| Currency | Cuban Peso (moneda nacional, 1914-date) |
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|---|---|
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| Obverse lettering | 900 M 26.7295 G UN PESO REPUBLICA DE CUBA (Translation: 900 M 26.7295 G One Peso Republic of Cuba) |
| Reverse description | The reverse presents a heroic bust of José Martí, Cuban national hero and poet, facing left in high relief, rendered in a classical style with strong facial features and a short-cropped beard. The portrait occupies the central field with the subject's neck and upper chest visible, conveying a dignified and resolute expression befitting a founding father of the Republic. The patriotic motto 'PATRIA Y LIBERTAD' is inscribed in an arc along the upper periphery, while the date of issue appears in the lower field below the bust. The design reflects the artistic sensibility of engraver Jaime Valls Diaz, combining neoclassical portraiture with republican symbolism. |
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| Additional information |
The "ABC Peso" designation comes from the Asociación Unión Revolucionaria ABC, the secret anti-Machado organization whose political pressure contributed to the collapse of the Gerardo Machado dictatorship in 1933. The new revolutionary government struck this series beginning in 1934 partly to signal a clean break from the previous regime, though Cuba remained financially tethered to the United States dollar under the Platt Amendment's economic shadow well after the amendment's formal abrogation that same year.
Mintages dropped sharply across the issue's run, with 1939 pieces struck in comparatively small numbers before the series was discontinued.