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1 Peso
| Issuer | Province of Ilocos Norte, Emergency Treasury |
|---|---|
| Year | 1942 |
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| Value | 1 Peso |
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| Obverse description | Typewritten emergency treasury certificate on plain paper with guilloche-style border of repeating ampersand ornaments along all four margins. The central text block certifies the issuance of one peso under authority of the President of the Philippines and the Provincial Board of Ilocos Norte, redeemable after the war, with the date 'Ilocos Norte, April 15, 1942' and series designation '(THIRD SERIES)'. Three manuscript signatures appear at the base, attributed to the Provincial Treasurer, Provincial Auditor, and a member of the Provincial Board, with denomination 'ONE PESO' printed at foot center. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse lettering | EMERGENCY TREASURY CERTIFICATE No. By authority of the President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines and the Provincial Board of Ilocos Norte, I hereby order the issuance of this emergency certificates which for all intents and purposes is hereby declared legal tender. This certificate will be redeemed by the Province from its deposit of P500,000 in the Treasury of the Philippines. Refusal to accept this certificate is punishable by law. (THIRD SERIES) Governor REGISTERED |
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| Comments |
One of dozens of guerrilla and provincial emergency currencies issued across the Philippine archipelago during the Japanese occupation, this Ilocos Norte peso was produced locally under wartime conditions after the Japanese military administration introduced its own occupation currency — the so-called "Mickey Mouse money" — which Filipinos widely distrusted and refused to use at par. Provincial treasuries across Luzon filled the gap with their own notes, backed by nothing more than local government authority and whatever printing equipment hadn't been destroyed or seized.
Ilocos Norte, in the far northwest of Luzon, remained a contested zone. Notes from this treasury were practical instruments of resistance-era commerce, not formal banking documents. Paper quality and printing consistency vary considerably across surviving examples, a direct consequence of wartime supply constraints rather than carelessness.