1 Peseta Villanueva

One of hundreds of emergency paper issues produced by Spanish municipalities during the Civil War, when the Republic's central government could not keep small-denomination coinage in circulation. Local councils — ayuntamientos — were authorized to print their own fractional currency to keep commerce moving, and many did so with whatever printing resources were locally available. Villanueva's issue reflects exactly that improvised infrastructure: modest production, limited distribution, and almost no documentation surviving from the issuing body itself.

The Garrido-Moragas cataloguing reference places this among the rarer municipal types from the period.