1 Peseta Vilanova de Segrià

Vilanova de Segrià is a small municipality in the Segrià comarca of Lleida, and like hundreds of Catalan and Valencian towns it issued its own fractional emergency currency during the Spanish Civil War — primarily because the Republic's small-denomination coinage had effectively vanished from circulation by 1936, hoarded or melted down almost immediately after the conflict began. These municipal notes, generically called "moneda local" or "paper moneda," were authorized under the Generalitat de Catalunya's emergency decree of October 1936.

The thick card stock construction was typical of municipalities that lacked access to proper banknote paper and turned to local printers using whatever stock was available — which also makes these notes prone to edge splitting along the short axis.