1 Peseta Santa Eufemia

Santa Eufemia is a small municipality in the province of Córdoba, Andalusia, and in 1937 it sat squarely in Nationalist-held territory during the Spanish Civil War. The national currency supply was severely disrupted, and hundreds of Spanish municipalities — large and small — resorted to issuing their own emergency fractional notes and cardboard vouchers to keep local commerce moving. These municipal emissions are collectively known as *billetes de necesidad*, and the sheer volume of issuers means many remain poorly documented, which explains the absent Gari catalog number here.

The thick card construction was typical of small-town Spanish emergency issues, where proper banknote paper was simply unavailable.