1 Peseta Casasbuenas

Casasbuenas is a village in the Toledo province with a population that likely never exceeded a few hundred people — which makes the existence of a formally issued municipal emergency note both historically striking and logistically improbable. During the Spanish Civil War, the Republican zone suffered an acute shortage of small-denomination coinage, prompting hundreds of municipal councils, many of them tiny, to issue their own paper or cardboard scrip under a 1936 decree that loosened controls on local emergency currency.

Survival rates for these village-level emissions are erratic. Small print runs, rough handling, and the chaos of the postwar period eliminated most.