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1 Penny - William IV
| Issuer | Royal Mint |
|---|---|
| Year | 1831-1837 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Diameter | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Milled |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Seated figure of Britannia facing right, helmeted and draped in classical robes, resting her left hand upon a Union shield decorated with the crosses of St George and St Andrew, while her raised right hand holds a long trident. A saltire-decorated shield leans against her left side. In the exergue below the ground line appears a decorative arrangement of a rose, shamrock, and thistle, symbolising England, Ireland, and Scotland respectively. The circumferential Latin legend BRITANNIAR: REX FID: DEF: runs around the periphery, and the whole design is enclosed within a prominent toothed border. |
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| Edge | Log in to see details |
| Mint | Royal Mint |
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| Additional information |
William IV's copper pennies were struck at a moment when the Royal Mint was already under pressure to abandon large copper coinage entirely — the switch to smaller bronze pieces was only two decades away. These issues were produced in comparatively modest quantities relative to the Georgian pennies that preceded them, partly because the reign lasted just seven years and partly because Boulton's steam-pressed Birmingham blanks had already conditioned the public to expect uniform, well-finished copper that hand-operated presses sometimes struggled to match consistently.
The Spink reference covers two distinct issues: the 1831 pieces struck with and without the W.W. initials on the truncation, a small distinction with measurable premium implications for the initialled variety.