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1 Penny - John Short Cross type, class 5b

Issuer England
Year 1205-1207
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Reference(s) Sp#1351, North#970
Obverse description Facing crowned bust of King John, depicted with a regular S-shaped sceptre held to the left. The effigy is rendered in the flat, stylised manner characteristic of medieval English hammered coinage, with circular pelleted curls framing the face beneath the crown. A beaded inner circle borders the central device, with the royal legend disposed around the periphery of the field. A cross pattée serves as the initial mark on the reverse, a diagnostic feature of Short Cross class 5b.
Obverse script Latin
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Reverse description A voided short cross extending to the inner beaded circle, with each of the four angles filled by a quatrefoil of pellets, a defining characteristic of the Short Cross coinage type. The moneyer's name and mint of issue are inscribed in Latin around the periphery of the field, separated by pellet stops. The design is struck on a broadly circular, irregular flan typical of hammered medieval English pennies. The overall style is consistent with the class 5b classification as catalogued by North and Spink.
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