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1 Penny - John Balliol 1st Coinage
| Issuer | Scotland |
|---|---|
| Year | 1292-1296 |
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| Shape | Round (irregular) |
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| Obverse lettering | IOHANNES DEI GRA (Translation: John, by the grace of God) |
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| Reverse script | Latin (uncial) |
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| Additional information |
John Balliol was installed as King of Scots in November 1292 following Edward I of England's arbitration of the succession dispute — a debt that would define, and ultimately destroy, his reign. His first coinage followed established Scottish penny conventions, struck at Berwick and St Andrews. When Balliol's council repudiated the English overlordship in 1295 by concluding the Franco-Scottish treaty, Edward invaded within months. Balliol abdicated in July 1296, his reign lasting under four years. Coins from this first coinage are scarce precisely because the political window was so narrow.