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1 Penny - Alexander III 2nd Coinage, Class A
| Uitgever | Scotland |
|---|---|
| Jaar | 1280-1286 |
| Type | Log in om details te zien |
| Waarde | Log in om details te zien |
| Valuta | Log in om details te zien |
| Samenstelling | Log in om details te zien |
| Gewicht | Log in om details te zien |
| Diameter | Log in om details te zien |
| Dikte | Log in om details te zien |
| Vorm | Round (irregular) |
| Techniek | Log in om details te zien |
| Oriëntatie | Log in om details te zien |
| Graveur(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| In omloop tot | Log in om details te zien |
| Referentie(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
|---|---|
| Schrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift voorzijde | ALEXSANDER DEI G`CIA (Translation: Alexander, by the Grace of God) |
| Beschrijving keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Schrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Rand | Plain |
| Muntplaats | Log in om details te zien |
| Oplage | Log in om details te zien |
| Aanvullende informatie |
Alexander III's monetary reform of 1280 brought Scottish coinage into closer alignment with English penny weights following decades of divergence — a pragmatic response to cross-border trade friction rather than any political capitulation. The Class A sterlings of this second coinage are distinguished by their short-cross-and-stars reverse, a type shared broadly across contemporary British and northern European issues, which has led to persistent misattribution of worn examples at auction.
Alexander died in March 1286 after his horse stumbled off a cliff near Kinghorn in darkness, ending the coinage abruptly and triggering the succession crisis that would eventually draw Edward I into Scottish affairs.