1 Patard / Stiver - Charles V

Charles V inherited Brabant at age six upon the death of his father Philip the Handsome in 1506, making these early patards issues of a minor under the regency of Margaret of Austria. The Antwerp and Malines mints both struck this type, accounting for the spread of Vanhoudt and Witte references — the two facilities operated under separate mint masters with occasionally divergent die practices during this window.

The patard was the workhorse of Brabantine commerce, and billon at this fineness circulated hard.