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1 Parpagliola - Alessandro Farnese Old Bust
| Uitgever | Duchy of Parma and Piacenza |
|---|---|
| Jaar | 1586-1592 |
| Type | Log in om details te zien |
| Waarde | Log in om details te zien |
| Valuta | Lira (?-1802) |
| Samenstelling | Log in om details te zien |
| Gewicht | Log in om details te zien |
| Diameter | Log in om details te zien |
| Dikte | Log in om details te zien |
| Vorm | Log in om details te zien |
| Techniek | Log in om details te zien |
| Oriëntatie | Log in om details te zien |
| Graveur(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| In omloop tot | Log in om details te zien |
| Referentie(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
|---|---|
| Schrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving keerzijde | The reverse field presents a devotional or emblematic composition in low relief, heavily worn, with design elements difficult to distinguish with certainty due to the striking quality and subsequent circulation wear. A Latin circumscription reading A M SPECVLVM. runs around the periphery within a beaded border, referencing a mirror device or motto associated with the Farnese emblematic tradition. The overall design is consistent with the small-module hammered billon parpagliola coinage of Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza. |
| Schrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift keerzijde | A M SPECVLVM. |
| Rand | Log in om details te zien |
| Muntplaats | Log in om details te zien |
| Oplage | Log in om details te zien |
| Aanvullende informatie |
Alessandro Farnese spent virtually his entire governorship of the Spanish Netherlands commanding Philip II's armies in Flanders, leaving Parma governed largely by deputies. The parpagliola — a small billon denomination common across northern Italian states — continued to circulate as the administrative machinery of the duchy ground on without its nominal ruler present. The "old bust" designation distinguishes this emission from earlier issues, reflecting die progression rather than any formal recoinage.