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1 Para - Mahmud II

Issuer Tripoli, Regency of
Year 1806-1808
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Diameter 19 mm
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Obverse description Central field dominated by the elaborate tughra of Sultan Mahmud II, rendered in the traditional Ottoman calligraphic style with characteristic interlocking loops, vertical shafts (tuğ), and sweeping horizontal extensions (hançer). The device is executed in shallow relief consistent with hammered coinage. The irregular flan displays an inner dotted border partially encircling the design, a common feature of provincial Ottoman mint production. The overall composition is characteristic of early 19th-century Ottoman peripheral mint workmanship, with moderate die wear and an off-center strike typical of the series.
Obverse script Arabic
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Reverse description The reverse bears a multi-line Arabic mint and date inscription arranged across the central field within a dotted border. The legend records the place of striking and the Hijri regnal year, distributed across three lines in an informal cursive Arabic hand typical of provincial hammered coinage. The flan is irregular in outline, consistent with hand-cut blank preparation, and the strike is moderately flat with some weakness at the margins. The reverse design reflects the standardized Ottoman provincial para format, with no additional decorative elements beyond the inscribed legend and border.
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