1 Noble - Edward III Treaty period, Calais mint

The Treaty period Noble takes its name from the Treaty of Brétigny (1360), which briefly secured English control over a vastly expanded French territory and prompted Edward III to drop his claim to the French throne — a claim whose abandonment was directly reflected in revised coin legends. The Calais mint, established in 1363, was no administrative afterthought: it existed specifically to process the enormous flow of bullion passing through England's wool staple there, the most lucrative single trade monopoly in medieval Europe.

Calais-struck pieces are distinguished from their London counterparts by a small flag atop the stern of the ship on the obverse — a detail with genuine attribution value rather than mere variety-collecting interest.