1 Kreuzer - Frederick William II

Frederick William II inherited a Prussian treasury strained by his uncle Frederick the Great's decades of warfare, and his reign saw an awkward retrenchment in small denomination coinage. The kreuzer was not a traditional Prussian denomination — it belonged to the currency systems of southern and western German territories, and its appearance in Prussian issues reflects the administrative absorption of Rhenish territories following the partitions and territorial adjustments of the 1790s.

The multiple reference numbers across Olding and Neumann suggest at least two distinct die varieties, likely separated by minor legend or mintmark differences rather than compositional changes.